Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov: isithombe zomlando. Biography, izinqubomgomo kabusha futhi imiphumela wokubusa Alekseya Romanova

Mashi 19, 1629 wazalwa inkosi yesibili entsha Russian lwamakhosi imperial - Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. portrait zomlando lo mbusi udonsa isithombe ngempela inkosi uhlakaniphile, unamakhono futhi ukubekezela.

Youth Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

Biography Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova ithakazelisa kakhulu. igama likanina lalingu-EL Streshneva - indodakazi abathobekile boyars eziyize. Kufika kweyisihlanu Alexei wawuqondiswa mamok eziningi nabahlengikazi. Boyar BI Morozov waba umeluleki ikosi etja. Iminyaka eyisithupha inkosi walidla diploma, izincwadi zokuqala wafunda kwakuyilawa: i Breviary, I iZenzo zabaPhostoli, amaHubo. Alex wayekuthanda ukufunda ukuze ngu-12 edlule kwadingeka umtapo abantwana bakhe siqu sika. Phakathi izincwadi zakhe ozithandayo iyatholakala Cosmography, silulumagama kanye neluhlelo lwelulwimi, eyanyatheliswa kuyi Duchy of Lithuania. Phakathi amathoyizi abantwana bakhe babe abaculi zempi isiJalimane, zomculo, amashidi ephrintiwe (izithombe). Ngangimthanda Alexis futhi amakilasi ephathekayo, kusukela ebuntwaneni wayelithanda Falconry, futhi lapho isikhulile, ngisho wabhala indatshana ku Falconry. Biography Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova likhombisa nethonya elikhulu ukuthi umnakekeli kwadingeka lesigceme sakhe. Lapho sengineminyaka engu-nane Alexis abasha wayethethelela uzoyiswa kubantu, futhi ngezinye iminyaka eyishumi nesithupha emva, enyukela esihlalweni sobukhosi ukufa kukayise nonina.

Iminyaka yokuqala wokubusa

IBhodi Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova kwaqala ngo 1645. Youth nokungabi nalwazi ekuqaleni umbusi sasisikhulu kangangokuba bonke ezibalulekile neziphuthumayo ezindabeni zokubusa basuke bagxila ezandleni B.I.Morozova. Kodwa indawo enhle kakhulu imfundo ithalente umbusi bazenza wazizwa, futhi ngokushesha bakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo uhulumeni ngokwakhe waba Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. portrait zomlando wokubusa kwakhe leyo minyaka ucacisa ubunkimbinkimbi izinganekwane futhi aliziphikisi inqubomgomo basekhaya nabamazwe angaphandle yeRussia. Ukuzibandakanya asebenzayo of nabeluleki angaphandle ukuphathwa yezwe emenza kabusha.

Ngalesi sikhathi, kubonakaliswa umlingisi yenkosi. Bafunde, friendly futhi kulula umuntu uya - ukuthi emehlweni abantu ababephila ngesikhathi wabheka u-Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. Wethiwa "ezithule" Tsar kwakumfanele kahle. Kodwa uma kunesidingo, bebengaba intando, ukuzimisela, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuphathwa ngonya.

ikhodi conciliar

Reform Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova okuqaliswe ukusungulwa koMkhandlu Ikhodi - ikhodi yokuqala Imithetho yombuso Russian. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, lo refereeing eRussia wawuqondiswa ezahlukene, ngokuvamile ngokuhlambalaza ngokwabo izimiso nemiyalo isiqetjhana. Ngu isinqumo we ulozhenija yinkosi kwaphoqa Salt Riot, kubangelwa duty entsha usawoti. Abangobhongoza kombusi ahlinzekwa ukuhlanza imithetho usawoti ezohwebo kanye kubamba umhlangano lomkhulu webantfu Assembly wesifundazwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, inkosi yaphoqeka athambise isandla, kodwa ngemva ukwamukelwa of Law Code Zemsky Sobor ilahlekelwe negunya lalo kanye ngokushesha kwaba ziyoncibilika.

umshado wenkosi

Ngokushesha ngemva ummango beya sobukhosi senkosi wathola nomakoti. Wayengumngane uMariya Ilinichna Miloslavskaya - UMaria, intombazane evela emkhayeni ngamunye wama ubudala futhi yizicukuthwane boyar. Nakuba amakhosi bengasibhekile omakoti phesheya, futhi wakhetha omkawo ezindlini boyars yimpumelelo. Ukuze ithuba lokushada ku lasebukhosini ekuqaleni alwa boyars eziningana. Ngo kweNyuka Cathedral ukuthandaza inkosi wabona intombazane Mary Miloslavskys uhlobo. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi lo mhlangano ngephutha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, umshado kwaba yimpumelelo nehlala njalo. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe inkosi ahlonishwe indlovukazi yakhe, wayeyindoda yomuzi eyisibonelo futhi wayenze izingane zakhe nantathu, ezintathu ababengasekho ababusi kamuva yezwe.

koqhekeko

I yisonto ekuqaleni wokubusa Alexei Mikhailovich sasisikhulu kangangokuba lo uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Nikon unikwe isihloko "umbusi omkhulu". Ngakho, inkosi wayeziqaphela ukulingana kwamandla phakathi kwabo inkosi isonto. Kepha lokho kwaba kubi le boyars, njengoba Nikon edingekayo bawuqede ukulalela nokufafazwa ngokuphelele non-ukuphazamiseka ezindabeni zesonto. Kodwa, njengoba isikhathi kuboniswe, lokhu sopravlenie kwadingeka amaphutha ayo abalulekile. Nikon uye wabambelela ukuthi ilungelo watshela inkosi, kanjani ukuba libhekele izindaba zombuso. Khona KukaKristu-Kusho inkosi Izicukuthwane, ukuhlonipheka kunqatshelwe. Umsuka lokhu ithonya okumelwe ezitholakala imfundo, okuyinto wathola Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. portrait zomlando kanye namanothi wesimanje sikhombise isithombe abesaba uNkulunkulu, umuntu wesonto kakhulu. Nciphisa kwethonya Nikon eyodwa kuphela yokuxazulula. Ekuqaleni 1658 umpristi iKazan Cathedral uphendukela inkosi ngombuzo ngqo: "Kuyoze sibekezelele umi eyisitha sikaNkulunkulu" Inkosi yasisiba Ukuthuka ezilulazayo amaningi kunalawo ukuthi kuphula amandla akhe obukhosi futhi esola igunya autocracy. Ukuchitheka sasingagwemeki, futhi ekugcineni zaholela uqhekeko. Isizathu esisemthethweni kwakuwukumedelela Nikon boyars, okwathi ngemva kwalokho siqhele esidlangalaleni yena isithunzi inzalamizi waya esigodlweni sezindela. Ngo 1666, i- WamaSonto Council deposes Nikon ngokusemthethweni ukuphuca kuye isihloko. Njengoba wokubusa Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova khona autocratic, namandla akhe ngempela, awubonisa ngisho esontweni.

Inqubomgomo Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

ubudlelwane sangaphandle okunabileko inkosi. Sicela Centurion Cossack Khmelnytsky bezoshayisa polyatskuyu kokungenela lezwakala autocrat. Zemsky Cathedral 1653 wathatha e yisakhamuzi Cossacks Ukraine futhi wabathembisa ukwesekwa wezempi. Ngo-May 1654, amabutho Russian bamasha futhi sahlala Smolensk. Ngu umyalo wenkosi, entwasahlobo ka-1654 izenzo empi baqhubeka, nomuzi Kovno, futhi Vilna Brodnya baba Russian. Swedish neMpi, nokuyinto eyaphela ngo-ukunqotshwa wethulwa. Smoot e-Ukraine, okwaqala ngokushesha ngemva kokufa Khmelnytsky, safuna resumption impi ne Poland. Januwari 8, 1654 at Pereyaslav Rada wagcina usulungise ukungena Ukraine eRussia. Esikhathini eside kamuva, ngo-1667, Poland wavumelana imingcele emisha, futhi lesi sivumelwano ka-Ukraine silibangise eRussia sesibe lemukelwa emhlabeni wonkhe. olwenziwa ngempumelelo ukuvikela imingcele oseningizimu isimo, ezakhiwa emadolobheni ezifana Nerchinsk, e-Irkutsk, Seleginsk.

yobudala edlubulundayo

Abaningi sezinqumo ezihlobene ukuthuthukiswa yeSiberia kanye ukunwetshwa insimu yezwe, mathupha wathatha u-Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. portrait komlando autocrat yazo zonke eRussia luyobe lungaphelele ngaphandle kokuqonda kuwukuphikisana yangaphakathi kanye nokucindezeleka olunzima, ngawo kwadingeka abhekane phakathi nokubusa. Kuyinto akukho ngozi ngekhulu le-17 kamuva ngokuthi "ukuvukela" ngenxa yokuvukela njalo perturbing isimo. Kuyaphawuleka kokuhlubuka kwase Stepana Razina, nokucindezela okuyinto kwadingeka achithe isikhathi esiningi nomzamo omkhulu.

Inqubomgomo kwezomnotho yenkosi wakhuthaza ukusungulwa izimboni kanye ukunwetshwa namanye amazwe. Inkosi ukubukelwa ukuhweba isiRashiya, ukuvikela emakethe yasekhaya kusuka izimpahla angaphandle. Kwakukhona ukwehluleka kunqubomgomo kwezomnotho. isinqumo ngokuxhamazela ku lokuhlobanisa ukubaluleka ethusi ukuze imali yesiliva kuye kwabangela abantu Ibubula futhi lokhu kwaholela ukwehla of the ruble.

Eminyakeni yokugcina wokubusa Alexei Mikhailovich

Ngemva kokufa komkakhe othandekayo yenkosi ashade. ekukhetheni kwaKhe kwaba NK Naryshkin, yambekela izingane ezintathu, kuhlanganise Ngokuzayo uMbusi Petru 1. Inkosi alalelwa kakhulu imfundo wayala esinqumweni amanxusa kokuhumusha izincwadi angaphandle kanye ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi yesayensi ku Russian. Phakathi eduze kwenkosi kwakukhona u-abaningi kulabo ukufunda izincwadi lababhali basendulo abangamaGreki, kwadingeka umtapo ayo, futhi kahle izilimi zakwamanye amazwe. Inkosikazi yenkosi yesibili unesithakazelo yaseshashalazini, futhi kuye esigodlweni ngokukhethekile siqu inkundla encane yasungulwa. Alexis wafa eneminyaka engu-47.

Imiphumela wokubusa Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

Imiphumela wokubusa le nkosi kungenziwa bachazwa futhi ngalendlela:

• ohlanga Waqiniswa - amandla senkosi ayisekho kuvinjelwe iSonto igama elihle.
• Kube kokugqilazwa ephelele abalimi.
• Kube Conciliar Ikhodi, okuyinto eyaba ekuqaleni izinguquko zokwahlulela eRussia.
• Ngenxa yalokho, ibhodi yenkosi ukunweba imingcele isimo Russian - Ujoyinwe Ukraine, futhi waqala ukuthuthukisa yeSiberia.